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 񑪤                                                                            
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Bryan Turner, Citizenship Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1997. :
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______________________________
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ꗨ 䤓 .
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.
:. .
John Keane (ed) Civil Society and the State: New European Perspectives, Verso,
1988.
2 - Brayan Turner, "Citizenship Studies: A General Theory", Journal of
Citizenship Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1, Feb. 1997.

3 - Brayan Turner, "Outline of a Theory of Citizenship", Sociology, 24, 1990 in
Jan Pakuls, "Cultural Citizenship", Citizenship Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1997.
𗨓 쐥  -
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(Rationalism) 𢤡 : (Secularism)
(Secularism) 𤑗 (Pluralism) 𖤙
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: -
Brayan Turner, Capitalism and Class in the Middle East: Theories of Social
Change and Economic Development. Humanities Press, NJ., 1984.



.
 .
.
.
6 - Engin F. Isin, "Who is the New Citizen? Toward a Genealogy", Journal of
Citizenship Studies, vol. 1, No. 1, Feb. 1997.
. -
8 - Jan Pakulski, "Cultural Citizenship" in Journal of Citizenship Studies, Ibid..
-
: .
Engin F. Isin, op.cit.
Ր 񑪤 -
.
.
. Sociology of the Crossroads -
12 - Thomas H. Marshall, Citizenship and Social Class and other Essays,
Cambridge University Press, 1950.
13 - Brayan Turner, op.cit., 1997.
: 㛐 ꯬ -
Mostafa Vaziri, Iran as Imagined Nation: The Construction of National
Identity, N.Y. Parogon House, 1993.
15 - John Hutchinson & Anthony Smith, (eds.) Nationalism, Oxford University
Press, 1994.
16 - Walker Connor, A Nation is a Nation, is a State, is an Ethnic Group, is
a...in J. Hutchinson & A. Smith, op.cit., 1994.
" ꐤ򐤢 -
"
. 㛐
18 - Eric Hobsbaum, Nations and Nationalism Since 1970, Cambridge
University Press, 1990.
19 - Johm Bowen, "The Myth of Global Ethnic Conflict" Journal of Democracy,
Vol. 7, No. 7, October, 1996.
20 - Benedict Anderson, "Imagined Community", Verso, 1991.
(Peter Berger & Thomas Luckmann) . . -
( 󑨤)
. :
:󐤢" -
: "
.
. . -
" " "" *
" "
.
24 - Steven Best and Douglas Keller, Postmodern Theory: Critical
Interrogations, Guilford, N.Y. 1991.
25 - John Hutchinson and Anthony D. Smith (eds), Nationalism, Oxford
University Press, 1994, Michael Mann, op cit., 1997.
. -
: . -
:
Benedict Anderson, Imagined : .
Communities, Verso: London, 1991.
John Hutchinson and Anthony D. Smith, (eds). op. cit., 1994.-
. 㛐
Ghia Nodia, "Nationalism and Democracy", and David Horowitz, "Democracy
in Divided Societies", both inLarry Diamond and Marc Plattner, Nationalism,
Ethnic Conflict, and Democracy, John Hopkin University 1994, pp. 3-22. press,
Howard Handelman, The Challenge of Third World Development, :
Printice Hall, 1996.
. -
30 - Rosa Luxemburg, The Russian Revolution in Philip Green (ed): New Key
Concepts in Critical Theory, Democracy, Humanities Press, International Inc.,
Jersy, 1996.
31 - Philip McMichael, Development and Social Change: A Global Perspective,
Pine Forge Press, 1996. and John Hutchinson & Anthony D. Smith, 1994.
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